ABSTRACT
Background: Lead accumulations have been found in teeth and related to behavior deficits in children, but there is a dearth of studies in exploring the role of zinc and manganese dysregulations in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) using the primary tooth as biomarker. Aims: The objectives of the study were to evaluate and compare the concentrations of zinc and manganese in the primary teeth serving as biomarker, in typically developing children and children with ASD. Settings and Design: Twelve primary incisors indicated for extraction were collected from children between the age group 6 and 9 years, for the study. Six primary incisors were obtained from children who had been diagnosed with ASD (study group). The other six teeth were obtained from typically developing children, in the similar age group. Methods: The primary incisors obtained were analyzed for metal concentrations using the technique Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. Statistical Analysis: This study was statistically analyzed by student's t-test. Results: It was observed that there are significant differences in metal concentrations found between tooth samples of ASD children and typically developing children. Zinc concentrations were double and manganese concentrations were three times, in teeth of ASD children group as compared to the children in the control group. Conclusions: Results of the current study indicate that there are considerable differences in concentrations of zinc and manganese between the two groups and support the contention that there might be an association between metal exposures of a pregnant mother and child during early years of childhood and incidence of ASD.
ABSTRACT
Background: To compare the cord blood lipid profile of 100 newborn babies born to hypertensive (Group A) and normotensive mothers (Group B).Methods: Total 100 newborns were taken, 50 born to hypertensive mothers and 50 to normotensive mothers. 5ml umbilical venous blood was collected, after clamping the cord, from placental side of the cord and sent to laboratory for centrifugation. Serum was analysed for lipid profile by spectrophotometry by siemens dimensional Rxl- Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, High density lipoprotein and Low density lipoprotein and Very low density lipoprotein. Comparison of the cord blood lipid levels in both the groups was done.Results: Cord blood lipid profile was deranged in newborns of hypertensive mothers with Cord TC, TG and LDL being statistically significantly higher than the mean reference value and 95th centile. Cord blood of term newborns of hypertensive mothers had Cord TC TG and LDL being statistically higher whereas only Cord TC being statistically higher in preterm neonates of hypertensive mothers.Conclusions: Cord blood lipid levels were significantly deranged in newborns of hypertensive mothers. This helps us in providing the target population at risk and cord blood lipid profile of newborn serving as an indirect guide for lifestyle modifications and helping in early intervention and prevention of future coronary heart disease.
ABSTRACT
Background: The susceptibility and severity of Rheumatoid arthritis are determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Dermatoglyphic patterns of individuals which are formed early in the fetal life are also determined by both genetic and environmental factors. Since both are genetically acquired and environmentally modified, it has been shown that there are particular dermatoglyphic patterns associated with Rheumatoid arthritis. If it is so, dermatoglyphics can serve as an additional tool in the early diagnosis and management of such a disabling disease like rheumatoid arthritis. Although there are some studies which mentioned dermatoglyphic pattern variation in the disease, the results are contradicting. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to find out a possible correlation of some quantitative and qualitative dermatoglyphic variables with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Aim of the study: To study the dermatoglyphic patterns in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis and control population and to study the correlation between dermatoglyphic patterns and Rheumatoid Arthritis. Materials and methods: We studied 60 patients with Rheumatoid arthritis and 60 controls. All were subjected to detailed medical history and clinical examination. Both quantitative (finger ridge count and pattern intensity) and qualitative (fingerprint pattern) dermatoglyphic parameters were studied and the same were compared with age, sex and disease matched controls. Results: Out of the total 60 cases 12(20%) were male and 48(80%) were females. Of the total 60 controls, 12(20%) were males and 48(80%) were females. Analysis of the qualitative parameters revealed: Significant increase in the number of whorls in both the hands of female patients cases compared to the controls (p-value for right hand 0.001, p-value for left hand 0.004). The decrease in the number of radial loops in both the hands of male and female patients and the decrease was more in the left hand in males and right hand in females (p-value male left hand 0.002, female right hand Saritha K. Narayanan, Christopher C. Pais, Pradeep Kumar Shenoy. Use of palmar dermatoglyphics in rheumatoid arthritis - A case-control study. IAIM, 2017; 4(12): 70-76. Page 71 0.003). Decrease in the number of arches in the left hand of female patients compared to the controls (p-0.10). Analysis of the quantitative parameters showed: A statistically significant increase in the finger ridge count of individual hand and the total finger ridge count in both male and female patients compared to the controls (p-value males: right hand 0.003, left hand 0.004, right plus left hand 0.002; p-value females right hand.0000, left hand 0.000, right plus left hand 0.000). A statistically significant increase in the pattern intensity of fingers in female patients compared to the controls (p-value: right hand 0.006, left hand 0.001, right plus left hand 0.000). Conclusion: The findings of this work demonstrate the association between some of the qualitative and quantitative parameters of dermatoglyphics and Rheumatoid arthritis suggesting that dermatoglyphics can represent an anatomical, non-invasive, inexpensive tool for screening high-risk population and thus facilitate early detection and management.